According to this gated paper by Cher Li, an assistant professor of economics at Colorado State University, and Basit Zafar, a professor of economics at Arizona State University, “male students are 18.6 percent more likely than female students to receive favorable grade changes initiated by instructors.” Really? Alas, their paper is gated, so I have no way of assessing the reliability of their methods, but what I would like to know is this: who is more likely to ask for a grade change in the first place, males or females, and does this likelihood in turn depend on the gender of the instructor? More details here (ungated), via IHE. (Hat tip: @AgnesCallard.)
Was it a male student?
prior probability 