Below is the introduction to my paper “Gödel’s Interbellum: Interwar Europe through the Eyes of Kurt Gödel” (footnotes omitted; emphasis added):

“One of the great unsolved mysteries of constitutional law is ‘Gödel’s loophole‘. In brief, the great logician Kurt Gödel reportedly discovered a deep flaw in the United States Constitution, a logical contradiction that could lead to a constitutional dictatorship. In a previous work, I conjectured what the substance of this loophole might be. Here, by contrast, I will address a different constitutional question: how plausible is Gödel’s loophole as a practical matter? More to the point, how likely is it that a would-be dictator could exploit Gödel’s constitutional loophole in these turbulent times? It turns out, very likely, if the constitutional history of interwar Central Europe is any guide. By way of example, by the time Gödel was awarded the right to lecture at the University of Vienna in March 1933, democracy had died in at least nine or ten states in interbellum Europe, depending on whether Atatürk’s Turkey is classified a dictatorship: Hungary under Admiral Horthy, Italy under ‘Il Duce’ Benito Mussolini, Lithuania under President Smetona, Poland under First Marshal Piłsudski, Portugal under Prime Minister Salazar, Spain under Captain General Primo de Rivera, and Yugoslavia under King Aleksandar had all become constitutional dictatorships.”

Bonus video: “Chaos and Classicism: The Interwar Period” by Professor Atina Grossmann: